Free Essays on William Blakes Songs Of Experience

William Blake’s Song of Experience The songs of William Blake are probably the most easily understood and the most important of his writing. They are a necessity in order to understand Blake. It has been said that the songs are too short, but they make up what they like in length with quality (Gillham VIII-IX). Out of its context, each song means a great deal less than Blake expected of his total invention. Occasionally, a song may be taken to mean something quite different from what he intended. The songs were not written for our enjoyment or edification alone, but instead for our salvation (Gleckner 37). When read together the Songs of Experience are a reflection of Blake’s view on life (Gillham I). The state of the Songs of Experience is expressed through selfishness, anxiety, insensitivity, and meddlesomeness. They all militate against a generous appreciation of life’s events. We assert our own interest in a way that doesn’t allow us to appreciate worldly happenings and then we are left with interests which are directed toward insignificant things. Nearly all of the Songs of Experience depict people who have defended themselves from life’s experiences without knowing it. They are assertive people who are supposed to be wise, but their assertive wisdom prevents them from being able to see. Blake often depicts experienced man as a greybeard who has lost the use of his senses. His is often lame as well. We deny ourselves a full life in many ways and reading Blake’s poems often brings home the knowledge of our ways of crippling ourselves (15-16). To some degree, we live â€Å"in disguise† because we adopt set attitudes and responses. Our world lies hidden from us because we see only what habit and convenience prepare us to find. The Songs of Experience display our minds working this way (45), and this knowledge is unfortunately accompanied by the realization that there is little we can do to change ou... Free Essays on William Blake's Songs Of Experience Free Essays on William Blake's Songs Of Experience William Blake’s Song of Experience The songs of William Blake are probably the most easily understood and the most important of his writing. They are a necessity in order to understand Blake. It has been said that the songs are too short, but they make up what they like in length with quality (Gillham VIII-IX). Out of its context, each song means a great deal less than Blake expected of his total invention. Occasionally, a song may be taken to mean something quite different from what he intended. The songs were not written for our enjoyment or edification alone, but instead for our salvation (Gleckner 37). When read together the Songs of Experience are a reflection of Blake’s view on life (Gillham I). The state of the Songs of Experience is expressed through selfishness, anxiety, insensitivity, and meddlesomeness. They all militate against a generous appreciation of life’s events. We assert our own interest in a way that doesn’t allow us to appreciate worldly happenings and then we are left with interests which are directed toward insignificant things. Nearly all of the Songs of Experience depict people who have defended themselves from life’s experiences without knowing it. They are assertive people who are supposed to be wise, but their assertive wisdom prevents them from being able to see. Blake often depicts experienced man as a greybeard who has lost the use of his senses. His is often lame as well. We deny ourselves a full life in many ways and reading Blake’s poems often brings home the knowledge of our ways of crippling ourselves (15-16). To some degree, we live â€Å"in disguise† because we adopt set attitudes and responses. Our world lies hidden from us because we see only what habit and convenience prepare us to find. The Songs of Experience display our minds working this way (45), and this knowledge is unfortunately accompanied by the realization that there is little we can do to change ou...

Free French Mobile Applications

Free French Mobile Applications If youre looking for free French apps, youre in luck: there is a wide variety, from dictionaries to learning programs. Heres a list of mobile applications related to French.2Lingua KidsLearn basic French in this app written by and for middle-school students.Classics2GoA small collection of French books.Free French TutorInteractive study tools.FrenchRadioFind French radio while youre on the go.French StartSmall app to begin learning French vocabulary.French Verbs 650Learn French verbs and their English translations.French Word of the Day (Declan Software)A new word every day, with sound file.French Word of the Day (Prometoys Limited)Daily word with translation and sample sentence.French WordPowerDaily word with pronunciation and translation, plus quiz and option to save words.Learn French - French AppsFour apps for learning a bit of French: alphabet, numbers, gender, and phonemes.Learn French by LoquellaLearn and practice French grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation with lessons base d on the Foreign Service Institutes method and materials. Learn French QuickFrench flashcard program.Learn French with BusuuTwenty lessons with option to purchase more.Littrà © French dictionaryDictionary of French from the 17th-19th centuries.Living Language - French for iPadEleven free French lessons, with the option to purchase 35 more.RATPOfficial app to help you make sense of Pariss mà ©tro and bus.SpeakEasy French LiteThe free version includes 169 French travel phrases.If you dont have a mobile device, you might be interested in similar online and offline resources:     French verb conjugator  Ã‚  Ã‚  French vocabulary lessons and lists  Ã‚  Ã‚  French word of the day

Implement and monitor nursing care for clients with acute health Case Study

Implement and monitor nursing care for clients with acute health problems - Case Study Example Harold’s injuries would limit his mobility and would confine him for a while to a bed or to a chair (University of Virginia â€Å"Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation). He would likely need assistance for all his activities – from his waking to his sleeping hours. I would involve Harold’s family in meeting his self-care needs by placing them on shifts. I can ask his wife to sleep in a separate bed, but still be in the same room as her husband in order to assist Harold in his ADLs. However, since Harold’s wife has initial manifestations of Alzheimer’s disease, she cannot be left with Harold for prolonged periods of time. Members of the family can take shifts in helping care for Harold. His children and grandchildren can be asked to assist Harold in performing his ADLs. They can help groom him, assist him to and from the bathroom, and keep him company. This can help ensure that Harold would not be bored and his morale always kept up. This would also ensure that his burns would not get infected or be subjected to further injury. The grandchildren have to be taught the proper ways of assisting and caring for their grandfather by demonstrating to them the proper ways of grooming and assisting in order not to subject Harold to further injuries. 3. Assess metabolism. Burn victims are in a hypermetabolic state. (Hom, et.al., p. 184), which increases their risk for prolonged inflammation, cardiac dysfunction, infection, sepsis, and death (Bankhead â€Å"News by Specialty) 1. Explaining to Harold the debridement process – how the procedure would be undertaken, the risks of the procedure, and the ultimate goal of the surgery. This would help reduce the patient’s anxiety and stress about the procedure (Steele, et.al., p. 55). 3. Instructing Harold on what he can expect during the surgery itself. I would explain to Harold why intravenous access will be needed before the surgery; the surgical skin preparations

Ethical Challenges Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ethical Challenges - Essay Example Section II. Background Information on Each of the Organizations II.1 The Society of Professional Journalists Background information gathered from the official website of the Society of Professional Journalists (SPJ) has identified its founding date in 1909 (Society of Professional Journalists, 2013). Its existence is embodied in the simple goal of working to â€Å"improve and protect journalism†¦ (and is) dedicated to encouraging the free practice of journalism and stimulating high standards of ethical behavior† (Society of Professional Journalists, 2013, par. 1). It reveals a total of about 9,000 members globally and reportedly operates with an annual budget of about $1.7 million (Society of Professional Journalists, 2013). II.2 The International Association of Business Communicators The International Association of Business Communicators (IABC) was noted to have been founded in 1970 and was designed to provide â€Å"a professional network of about 15,000 business commu nication professionals in over 80 countries† (International Association of Business Communicators, 2013, par. 1). The organization has boasted of having been able to establish 100 chapters globally and expects the number to continue manifesting an increasing trend. II.3 American Marketing Association The American Marketing Association (AMA) was reported to have been established in 1937 and has consistently grown â€Å"with over 30,000 members who work, teach and study in the field of marketing across the globe† (American Marketing Association, 2013, par. 1). The organization’s mission was explicitly stipulated towards â€Å"leading the practice, teaching and development of marketing knowledge worldwide† (American Marketing Association: Our Mission, 2013, par. 1). Section III. Tabular Listing of Ethical Issues Ethical Issues SPJ IABC AMA Preamble (purpose of the code) For public enlightenment Because professional communicators affect the lives of people To act as stewards in promoting highest standards of ethics Honesty Through seeking the truth and reporting it â€Å"fostering the free flow of essential information in accord with the public interest† (IABC, 2013, par. 7) â€Å"– to be forthright in dealings with customers and stakeholders† (AMA, 2009, p. 2) Do No Harm â€Å"Ethical journalists treat sources, subjects and colleagues as human beings deserving of respect† (SPJ, 1996, p. 1) â€Å"refrain from taking part in any undertaking which the communicator considers to be unethical† (IABC: Articles, 2013, par. 5) â€Å"avoiding harmful actions or omissions by embodying high ethical standards and adhering to all applicable laws and regulations in the choices we make† (AMA, 2009, p. 2) Acting Independently Avoiding conflicts of interest (SPJ, 1996) â€Å"do not accept undisclosed gifts or payments† (IABC: Articles, 2013, par. 10) Through ethical values of fairness and transparency (AMA , 2009) Be Accountable Provide accurate information and solicit public’s response (SPJ, 1996) â€Å"disseminate accurate information and promptly correct any erroneous communication† (IABC: Articles, 2013, par. 2) Through the ethical value of citizenship, responsibility, and transparency (AMA, 2009) Other Ethical Values Credibility, Freedom of Speech, Cultural Sensitivity, Conformity to Legal Laws, Acknowledging the words of others, Confidentiality (IABC, 2013)

VARK Analysis Essay Example for Free

VARK Analysis Essay Learning is a process that may occur consciously or unconsciously. Differences in the process through which different people accept/acquire information, process and interpret it, greatly influences the way individuals will react to the same stimuli. These differences carry on with an individual into the educational system and depending on an individual’s preference, their performance in school is greatly influenced-both academically and socially. There are several learning modes that individuals may ascribe to, the common ones being visual representation, audio representation, reading and writing and activity. This paper seeks to discuss these modes as brought out through the VARK analysis and give recommendations on how to make the best out of a particular learning mode. Learning Style To understand a concept, some people may prefer to observe others doing the same thing, others may prefer to be involved while others may prefer to read about it or be told about it by another person who they may regard as having a better understanding. These are learning styles that we employ to gather and process information. According to Keefe (1979), a learning style can be defined as â€Å"the composite of characteristic cognitive, affective, and physiological factors that serve as relatively stable indicators of how a learner perceives, interacts with, and responds to the learning environment. † As an individual, I particularly prefer to learn by being involved physically or doing something practically. This helps in embedding a concept or procedure to memory and allow for troubleshooting. Information gathered from literature is visualized and sometimes put in form of diagrams or patterns that can be easy to remember. Charts and graphs also serve as easy ways to grasp ideas being presented. In class setting, I prefer to look up information on my own, reading from different sources until a concept is understood. Occasionally I may enquire of others after exhausting all other avenues. Comparison of learning strategies According to the VARK analysis, individuals are considered to be able to take in and process information in through four channels; visual, aural, reading/writing or kinesthetic. No single way can be considered better than the others but understanding ones acceptance and processing channel can help in developing a study strategy to help the individual be able to improve the speed and learning efficiency. Any combination of the above learning preferences results in a multimodal (VARK) learning preference which may -in my opinion- be deemed more desirable than the single preference learning style. Being multimodal, having all preferences, allows the learner to be able to cope with learning challenges better as they are able to switch between preferences to the one most applicable in a given situation. This mode though may become a hindrance in itself in that the individual may be unable to decide fast enough onto which mode to switch into thereby resulting in delay in decision making or being out of sync with the learning environment. Following VARK analysis I am considered as multimodal with higher preference to kinesthetic, visual and reading/writing and least to aural which I consider as a true evaluation. Further analysis classifies me as a whole-sense multimodal individual – score over 25 – who makes use of several strategies before making a final decision (Fleming N. D. , 2010). This in itself is identified as a weakness due to the indecisive nature that results from taking to long to decide when presented with information through only one channel. Changes needed Though slowness in decision making is being viewed as a weakness, in some instances it is an advantage in that it prevents rash decision making and allows more time for reflection on any given topic. A most critical change required is in self-confidence, a capacity to take risk and act on the information at hand. This I consider as the most critical since in hospital setting, incase of a casualty case, there is not enough time to verify all information and instant decisions have to be made to save a patient. Another would be to determine the objectives of learning a particular subject and this would allow for faster decision making as it would allow for assumption to be made when only trying to get an idea (Bradford K. , Stewart K. L. , 1992) Summarization VARK analysis though not a learning strategy in itself, is a helpful tool in identifying ones own weaknesses and thus be in a position to identify the course of action to be taken. Instances where an individual is not able to integrate into a new learning environment can easily be dealt with since the individual knowing their strengths and weaknesses would easily try to adapt themselves to the environment or if possible change it to their preferred one. It also increases ones confidence when learning as clarification may be sought in a way the learner feels most comfortable with. Conclusion Though this analysis does give one a powerful tool with which to strategize their studies, it is important to understand that the outcome of studies depends entirely on that individual’s willingness to change their strategies to take advantage of their strengths and work on their weaknesses. It is also to be understood that learning styles in themselves are just preferences that an individual has and are not sure guarantees that presented with information in such a way they will instantly understand it. Although everyone has a preferred way of learning, it is possible for everyone to combine several strategies in order t achieve a set learning goal. ? References Flemiming N. D. (2010). VARK: A review of those who are multimodal. Accessed July 11, 2010 from http://www. vark-learn.com/english/page_content/multimodality. htm Keefe, J. W. (1979). Learning style: An overview. In NASSPs Student learning styles:Diagnosing and prescribing programs (pp. 1-17). Reston, VA: National Association of Secondary School Principals. Overview of Learning Styles, (2010). Accessed July 11, 2010 from http://www. learning-styles-online. com/overview/ Stewart, K. L. , and Felicetti, L. A. (1992). Learning styles of marketing majors. Educational Research Quarterly, 15(2), 15-23.

Comparing and contrasting two Poems on the theme of childhood By Essay

Comparing and contrasting two Poems on the theme of childhood By Seamus Heaney. Comparing and contrasting two Poems on the theme of childhood Having read the four poems from Seamus Heaney's collection "Death of a Naturalist", I have decided to Compare and contrast the two poems that I like best, which are "Death of a naturalist" and "Follower". Both of these are childhood stories set in the countryside. These reflect how Heaney felt about different aspects of life in his surroundings. This is one of the reasons that I have chosen these two poems the idea of the countryside makes me feel at home with these two poems. They are both set in the open air, which creates an open atmosphere. "Death of a Naturalist" is the first poem I chose to write about because of the overall effectiveness of the poem. This poem has been written in paragraph like stanzas, this gives me the feel of making the poems look full of descriptions; it also looks very exiting looking at all the stanzas are crammed into one. As you look at the poem you can see effective use of vivid similes such as "Frogspawn grew like clotted Water" Frogspawn that grows like "clotted water" shows you the fullness of the frogspawn it also shows us that the frogspawn is racing and covering the pond water very fast it also gives me an impression that he enjoys seeing the frogspawn growing and covering the pond as he enjoys collecting frogspawn "I would fill jampotfuls of the jellied specs" This shows the enjoyment of a young child collecting and watching something grow. We see the use of positive phrases "There were dragon-flies, Spotted butterflies... " The use of commas and short sentences give us an understanding of the child's ... ...od jobs around the farm. The last lines in the poem make us think about what has happened to his father. "It is my father who keeps stumbling Behind me, and will not go away" the effect this creates by saying his father is weak and falling away behind him tells us that the roles have been reversed. After looking at these two poems many things are very similar in the way they have been written: the language and form are authentic language of farming by this I mean that the poems have got a use of old farm language an describe things in a farming form. Heaney also leaves the reader with a final line to think about. By reading the two poems Heaney now feels that it is time to break away from his past and he also feels different from his family. I think this because he is looking back and writing about the past and he is able to write about the future.

Critique of “Against Gay Marriage” Essay

In his essay â€Å"Against Gay Marriage,† William Bennett, a great spokesman for conservatives and former Secretary of education under President Reagan, maintains his conservative stance that allowing same-sex couples to marry would have a harmful and lasting effect on our society’s intrinsic values and, in his view, would stretch the â€Å"fragile† institution of marriage beyond recognition (409). Bennett, as the title indicates, presents a powerful argument â€Å"Against Gay Marriage.† He argues that allowing gay marriage would change the meaning of marriage, the ideal of marriage as being an â€Å"honorable estate,† and would have a large role in molding sexuality (409). One does not have to agree with Bennett to appreciate the strength and honesty of his mind. Still, although he raises thoughtful objections to same-sex marriage, his claims overall read more like an outline, lacking specifics and expert opinions, referring to one organized, caref ul study, and committing a number of logical fallacies that muddy and diminish the effectiveness of his argument. Throughout his essay, Bennett makes many underlying assumptions about same sex couples and the legalization of homosexual marriage. From the beginning, Bennett states that even entertaining such a debate â€Å"would be pointless,† were it not for the â€Å"confused time† we find ourselves in (409). Bennett does concede, however, that arguments made by homosexual advocates such as Andrew Sullivan are â€Å"intelligent† ones, and even â€Å"conservative,† and â€Å"politically shrewd† (409), when touching on the idea that allowing gay marriage would actually promote healthy long term relationships. Sullivan does an excellent job of arguing his point that legalization of gay marriage would in fact,  help promote healthy relationships and monogamous tendencies, which in his essay he states that the legalization of gay marriage would in fact also encourage homosexuals to â€Å"make a deeper commitment to one another and to society† (409). From here though, for William Bennett the views expressed in his editorial piece are clear cut, simple, and largely dismissive in their tone. Besides this claim, to Bennett there are no reasons in his mind why gay marriage should be legal. Bennett admits, though Sullivan’s argument is shrewd, Sullivan is not right. In fact, Bennett would insist and has an underlying assumption in his essay that gay marriages will weaken the institution of marriage even more and will not be truly monogamous and committed to each other because of the â€Å"openness† of gay relationships and that homosexuals have â€Å"less restrained sexual practices† (410). Bennett’s continuous assumptions that gays cannot be truly monogamous and committed shows that to him there exists no room for compromise on the matter, and weakens the strength of his argument. Bennett also throughout his essay makes many fallacious arguments for example, in his opening, Bennett makes a very strong assertion if not an outright overstatement, when he says that recognizing homosexual marriage would symbolize the potent change in the interpretation and characterization of marriage, and â€Å"would be the most radical step ever taken in the deconstruction of society’s most important institution† (409). Of course, Bennett is respected for his personal opinions, but the reader may wonder if any studies or expert opinions exist to support Bennett’s view, to which he has none. This yet again takes away from the strength of his argument because, unlike in Ryan Anderson’s â€Å"Marriage: What It Is, Why It Matters and the Consequences of Redefining It† where claim after claim Anderson presents the reader with numerous statistics and expert testimony on why marriage should not be changed and the repercussions and â€Å"dangers† of gay marriage being legalized. Anderson presents the argument that marriage exists to bring a man and a woman together as husband and wife, to be father and mother to any children they create. Anderson states that marriage increases the chances that the man will be devoted to both the children that he helps produce, and to the woman with whom he does so. Anderson then backs this up with testimony from Maggie Gallagher, a popular social conservative  commentator, that joining sex, babies, and moms and dads, is the role of marriage and helps explain why the government rightly respects and addresses this feature of our social lives. In the next paragraph, Bennett wanting to suppress the movement toward the redefinition of marriage, cites the rather peculiar example of two brothers: â€Å"On what principled grounds could the advocates of same-sex marriage oppose the marriage of two consenting brothers?† (409). By citing two homosexual brothers, Bennett commits the â€Å"straw man† fallacy. That is, he reasons from an exceptional case that defies logic and, once recognized, does little for his argument. Who else has ever seen such an extreme example? Is this a real pair of brothers, or are they merely made up and cited for the sake of argument? Whether or not these brothers are fictitious is never stated, but as Andrew Sullivan puts it in his essay â€Å"For Gay Marriage†, the right to marry has been appropriately denied by the state to close family members and relatives because â€Å"familial emotional ties† are too powerful to permit a marriage contract to be entered freely by two independent adults (404). In this regard, Sullivan believes homosexuals do not fit into the same category. To believe that the realization of allowing same sex marriage would lead to the further breakdown of laws governing familial misconduct, such as incest or polygamy, is outlandish. It appears that one logical fallacy breeds another, as in the very next paragraph, Bennett co mmits what seems to be a glaring over-generalization. He states â€Å"Nor is this view arbitrary or idiosyncratic† (409), to say marriages, especially in today’s society, cannot be whimsical or happen by chance because that’s what has gone on for thousands of years or what the major religions state is ridiculous. Even though at one point marriage was seen as a way to increase survival chances and secure your livelihood, it is no longer viewed that way. We no longer live in the middle ages or the 1800’s. People today marry for love and their emotional bonds with people, and love’s intrinsic value is to be random and can happen to anyone. Nor should religious traditions dictate whether gay marriage should be legalized or not, as today there are numerous homosexuals in all branches of major religions; there are gay bishops and preachers, this shows that both religion and homosexuals can coexist and be beneficial to society. Bennett’s final strong claim about gay marriage is that the legalization of  same-sex marriage will lead to teens being confused about their sexuality, conservative parents will be denied their rights to instill their values about sexuality to their children, and that heterosexuals are better parents than their homosexual counterparts. Bennett makes many over generalizations about the impact the signals of legalizing gay marriage would send to teens. Bennett almost contradicts himself with the inclusion of the quote from Harvard professor E.L. Patullo, â€Å"a very substantial number of people are born with the potential to live either straight or gay lives† (410). Many people are born with the potential to lead gay or straight lives, it is a choice, and the legalization of gay marriage would not cause societal indifference, but would rather foster a welcoming environment for young gays to come out into rather than living in fear or shame because of the hate and reper cussions of being homosexual. Bennett also over generalizes the findings of an article about teenagers and adults being interviewed about being gay and bisexual. Fifty kids and dozens of parents and counselors does not speak for the whole population of a country, but also shows the weakness of Bennett’s argument as it shows the lack of actual education there is in much of the country on the subject of homosexuality. Bennett also makes assumptions about how conservative parents will lose the right to teach their kids their views on sexuality if same sex marriage were legalized. Just because gay marriage would be legal and the subject of homosexuality would be taught in school more does not mean at home parents could not teach their children their values. If parents did however, cause an uproar and keep their children from being exposed to certain views on homosexuality just because they didn’t want that to happen, they would be viewed as â€Å"intolerant bigots† (411). Finally Bennett makes a glaring assumption and overgeneralization stating that it is far better for a child to be raised by a heterosexual couple rather â€Å"than by, say, two homosexual males† (411). In the Film â€Å"Daddy & Papa† it shows four separate families, all homosexual males, and how they all care, love, and are just as capable of raising children as heterosexual couples. They want nothing more for their children than what any heterosexual couple would want for their kids, the best possible life. Bennett may believe that the legalization of gay marriage will destroy the  institution of marriage, but time after time homosexuals have proven they are just as capable of fulfilling the duties of marriage as heterosexuals, and it is a part of our society today. To have equality for all citizens, it is a right that will soon have to occur. Work Cited Sullivan, Andrew. â€Å"For Gay Marriage†. Writing and Reading Across the Curriculum. 11 ed. Ed. Suzanne Phelps Chambers. Boston: Longman, 2011. 404-407. Print. Anderson, Ryan T. â€Å"Marriage: What It Is, Why It Matters, and the Consequences of Redefining It.† _The Heritage Foundation_. The Heritage Foundation, 11 Mar. 2013. Web. 25 Sept. 2014 _Daddy & Papa: A Documentary Film_. Prod. Johnny. Symons. Dir. Johnny. Symons. By Johnny. Symons. 2002.

Effects of Osmosis on Living Tissue Essay

What is the effect of osmosis on a slice of potato in varying salt solutions? Six different concentrations of salt water (0%, 0,4%, 0,8%, 1,2%, 1,6% and 2,0%) will be used in order to observe how the inserted potato slice changes. The length of the potato slice will be measured before and after leaving it for 24 hours in the various solutions. Hypothesis: Salt solutions will be hypertonic to the potato cells thus decreasing it in size as placed in higher solutions. Materials: †¢ 6 petri dishes †¢ Fresh potato sticks †¢ Dissecting razor blade †¢ Ruler †¢ Distilled H2O, 0,4% NaCI solution, 0,8% NaCI solution, 1,2% NaCI solution, 1,6% NaCI solution, 2,0% NaCI solution Procedure: (Obtained from the worksheet) 1. Obtain 6 Petri dishes 0.4% NaCl; 0.8% NaCl; 1.2% NaCl; 1.6% NaCl; 2.0% NaCl. 2. Add enough of the appropriate liquids to nearly fill each of the Petri dishes. 3. Obtain six fresh potato strips. Using a razor blade, angle cut one end of each strip to a beveled point. 4. Measuring from the tapered end, carefully and precisely angle cut each strip to a length of 70 mm so that both â€Å"points† are on the same side of the strip. 5. Place one measured potato tissue strip into each of the prepared Petri dishes. Cover the dishes and leave undisturbed for 24 hours. 6. After 24 hours, remove the strips of potato, one at a time, immediately measuring the length (mm) of each. Data Collection: Group 1 Test Solutions (% salt) Initial Length li (mm) Final Length lf (mm) Change in Length ∆ l (lf – li) (mm) Rigidity of the Strip Distilled H2O 30 mm 33 mm +3 mm Solid, Hard 0,4 30 mm 32 mm +2 mm Solid, hard 0.8 30 mm 31 mm +1 mm Flexible 1.2 31 mm 31 mm 0 mm Flexible, soft 1.6 31 mm 30 mm -1 mm Very flexible, soft 2.0 31 mm 30 mm -1 mm Very flexible, soft Group 2 Test Solutions (% salt) Initial Length li (mm) Final Length lf (mm) Change in Length ∆ l (lf – li) (mm) Rigidity of the Strip Distilled H2O 42 mm 46 mm +4 mm Hard 0,4 42 mm 44 mm +2 mm Hard 0.8 42 mm 41 mm +1 mm Flexible 1.2 42 mm 40 mm -2 mm Flexible 1.6 42 mm 39 mm -3 mm Flexible 2.0 42 mm 39 mm -3 mm Very flexible Data Processing: Group ∆ l (mm) Distilled H20 ∆ l (mm) 0.4% NaCl ∆ l (mm) 0.8% NaCl ∆ l (mm) 1.2% NaCl ∆ l (mm) 1.6% NaCl ∆ l (mm) 2.0% NaCl 1 +3 mm +2 mm +1 mm 0 mm -1 mm -1 mm 2 +4 mm +2 mm +1 mm -2 mm -3 mm -3 mm Average ∆l (mm) +3.5 mm +2 mm +1 mm -1 mm -2 mm -2 mm Result: In both groups the size of the potato increased when put into distilled H2O, 0,4% solution and 0,8 solution. From 1,2% solution and upward, the size of the potato stayed the same or decreased in both groups. One last similarity is that from 0,8% solution onwards the rigidity of the potato strip changed from hard to flexible and soft. Conclusion: Different concentrations of solute do affect the length of the potato strips. Our data shows that water moved from lower solute concentration to higher solute or descriptions of trends shown concentration. Hypertonic solutions, which have higher solute concentration and therefore graphs. The explanation should contain lower water concentration, cause the cells to lose mass and shrivel because water moves out observations, trends or patterns of the cell through the plasma membrane. This was the case with the slice left in salty where revealed by the data.the sample lost 9.09% of its original mass. Hypotonic solutions, on the contrary, have lower solute concentration and higher water concentration and cause the potato cells to expand because the water moved into the cells. In this case, the distilled water and the tap water samples were hypotonic to the potatoes and hence the potato slices gained 54.4% and 17% mass respectively. These results also indicate that the distilled water was more hypotonic than the tap water compared to the potatoes as the water mass gained by the potato slice was considerably higher in distilled water.

Interactiv Digital Media Censorship essays

Interactiv Digital Media Censorship essays Video games are a media, just like any other. They not only affect culture, they are also affected by it. They carry certain limitations that exist on no other media. And yet, they are under the most attack. The people for censorship are not surprisingly over forty-five years of age. They first video game ever made was in 1979, almost twenty-five years after the birth of many of the pro censorship crowd. They truth is that while most people overlook it, video games carry a voluntary rating system. These ratings are much more visible than the top left corner of a television screen, or the fine printed text on a movie poster or CD case. These labels are clearly visible on the front, back and bottom of the video game box. These labels even tell you why the game is rated as it is. When parents or anti-violence advocates lay the blame on a game and its developers for being too violent, it is usually the parents fault. In many cases, parents have gotten angry with retailers who refuse to sell a Mature Rated Game directly to an eight-year-old, and not realizing that the seller is refusing sale for a reason. Even now, parents have control to limit a games violent content. Many games have settings that allow parents to remove excessive gore and strong language. As of yet, the most controversial game has been Grand Theft Auto III. This game allows you to rise through the criminal ranks of the seedy underbelly of Liberty City (a city very similar to New York). The thing the most protesters focus on is what can be done within this game. The developers were so flexible with their design that the only a few criminal acts are not possible. As disturbing as that is, it is disturbingly true. The game has obviously been rated M for Mature with warnings of extreme violence. Of the many different types of video games, the ones that take the most blame are the first person shooters or FPS, as they are commonly called. Da ...

Early Inventors and Innovators of Electricity

Early Inventors and Innovators of Electricity The history of electricity begins with William Gilbert, a physician who served Queen Elizabeth the first of England. Before William Gilbert, all that was known about electricity and magnetism was that the lodestone possessed magnetic properties and that rubbing amber and jet would attract bits of stuff to start sticking. In 1600, William Gilbert published his treatise De magnete, Magneticisique Corporibus (On the Magnet). Printed in scholarly Latin, the book explained years of Gilberts research and experiments on electricity and magnetism. Gilbert raised the interest in the new science greatly. It was Gilbert who coined the expression electrica in his famous book. Early Inventors Inspired and educated by William Gilbert, several Europeans inventors, including Otto von Guericke of Germany, Charles Francois Du Fay of France, and Stephen Gray of England expanded the knowledge. Otto von Guericke was the first to prove that a vacuum could exist. Creating a vacuum was essential for all kinds of further research into electronics. In 1660, von Guericke invented the machine that produced static electricity; this was the first electric generator. In 1729, Stephen Gray discovered the principle of the conduction of electricity. In 1733, Charles Francois du Fay discovered that electricity comes in two forms which he called resinous (-) and vitreous (), now called negative and positive. The Leyden Jar The Leyden jar was the original capacitor, a device that stores and releases an electrical charge. (At that time electricity was considered the mysterious fluid or force.) The Leyden jar was invented in Holland in 1745 and in Germany almost simultaneously. Both Dutch physicist Pieter van Musschenbroek and German clergyman and scientist, Ewald Christian Von Kleist invented a Leyden jar. When Von Kleist first touched his Leyden jar he received a powerful shock that knocked him to the floor. The Leyden jar was named after Musschenbroeks hometown and university Leyden, by Abbe Nolett, a French scientist, who first coined the term Leyden jar. The jar was once called the Kleistian jar after Von Kleist, but this name did not stick. History of Electricity - Ben Franklin Ben Franklins important discovery was that electricity and lightning were one and the same. Ben Franklins lightning rod was the first practical application of electricity. History of Electricity - Henry Cavendish and Luigi Galvani Henry Cavendish of England, Coulomb of France, and Luigi Galvani of Italy made scientific contributions towards finding practical uses for electricity. In 1747, Henry Cavendish started measuring the conductivity (the ability to carry an electrical current) of different materials and published his results. In 1786, Italian physician Luigi Galvani demonstrated what we now understand to be the electrical basis of nerve impulses. Galvani made frog muscles twitch by jolting them with a spark from an electrostatic machine. Following the work of Cavendish and Galvani came a group of important scientists and inventors, including Alessandro Volta of Italy, Hans Oersted of Denmark, Andre Ampere of France, Georg Ohm of Germany, Michael Faraday of England, and Joseph Henry of America. Work With Magnets Joseph Henry was a researcher in the field of electricity whose work inspired many inventors. Joseph Henrys first discovery was that the power of a magnet could be immensely strengthened by winding it with insulated wire. He was the first person to make a magnet that could lift 3,500 pounds of weight. Joseph Henry showed the difference between quantity magnets composed of short lengths of wire connected in parallel and excited by a few large cells, and intensity magnets wound with a single long wire and excited by a battery composed of cells in series. This was an original discovery, greatly increasing both the immediate usefulness of the magnet and its possibilities for future experiments. Michael Faraday,  William Sturgeon, and other inventors were quick to recognize the value of Joseph Henrys discoveries. Sturgeon magnanimously said, Professor Joseph Henry has been enabled to produce a magnetic force which totally eclipses every other in the whole annals of  magnetism, and  no parallel is to be found since the miraculous suspension of the celebrated Oriental impostor in his iron coffin. Joseph Henry also discovered the phenomena of  self-induction  and mutual induction. In his experiment, a current sent through a wire in the second story of the building induced currents through a similar wire in the cellar two floors below. Telegraph A telegraph was an early invention that communicated messages at a distance over a wire using electricity that was later replaced by the telephone. The word telegraphy comes from the Greek words  tele  which means far away and  grapho  which means write. The first attempts to send signals by electricity (telegraph) had been made many times before  Joseph Henry  became interested in the problem.  William Sturgeons  invention of the electromagnet encouraged researchers in England to experiment with the electromagnet. The experiments failed and only produced a current  that weakened after a few hundred feet. The Basis for the Electric Telegraph However, Joseph Henry strung a mile of fine wire, placed an intensity  battery  at one end, and made the armature strike a bell at the other. Joseph Henry discovered the essential mechanics behind the electric telegraph. This discovery was made in 1831, a full year before  Samuel Morse  invented the telegraph. There is no controversy as to who invented the first telegraph machine. That was Samuel Morses achievement, but the discovery which motivated and allowed Morse to invent the telegraph was Joseph Henrys achievement. In Joseph Henrys own words: This was the first discovery of the fact that a galvanic current could be transmitted to a great distance with so little a diminution of force as to produce mechanical effects, and of the means by which the transmission could be accomplished. I saw that the electric telegraph was now practicable. I had not in mind any particular form of telegraph, but referred only to the general fact that it was now demonstrated that a galvanic current could be transmitted to great distances, with sufficient power to produce mechanical effects adequate to the desired object. Magnetic Engine Joseph Henry next turned to designing a magnetic engine and succeeded in making a reciprocating bar motor, on which he installed the first automatic pole changer, or commutator, ever used with an electric battery. He did not succeed in producing direct rotary motion. His bar oscillated like the walking beam of a steamboat. Electric Cars Thomas Davenport, a blacksmith from Brandon, Vermont, built an  electric car  in 1835, which was road worthy. Twelve years later Moses Farmer exhibited an electric-driven locomotive. In 1851, Charles Grafton Page drove an electric car on the tracks of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, from Washington to Bladensburg, at the rate of nineteen miles an hour. However, the cost of batteries was too great and the use of the electric motor in transportation not yet practical. Electric Generators The principle behind the dynamo or electric generator was discovered by  Michael Faraday  and  Joseph Henry  but the process of its development into a practical power generator consumed many years. Without a dynamo for the generation of power, the development of the electric motor was at a standstill, and electricity could not be widely used for transportation, manufacturing, or lighting like it is used for today. Street Lights   The arc light as a practical illuminating device was invented in 1878 by Charles Brush, an Ohio engineer and graduate of the University of Michigan. Others had attacked the problem of electric lighting, but a lack of suitable carbons stood in the way of their success. Charles Brush made several lamps light in series from one dynamo. The first Brush lights were used for street illumination in Cleveland, Ohio. Other inventors improved the arc light, but there were drawbacks. For outdoor lighting and for large halls arc lights worked well, but arc lights could not be used in small rooms. Besides, they were in series, that is, the current passed through every lamp in turn, and an accident to one threw the whole series out of action. The whole problem of indoor lighting was to be solved by one of Americas most famous inventors. Thomas Edison and Telegraphy Edison arrived in Boston in 1868, practically penniless, and applied for a position as night operator. The manager asked me when I was ready to go to work. Now, I replied. In Boston he found men who knew something of electricity, and, as he worked at night and cut short his sleeping hours, he found time for study. He bought and studied Faradays works. Presently came the first of his multitudinous inventions, an automatic vote recorder, for which he received a patent in 1868. This necessitated a trip to Washington, which he made on borrowed money, but he was unable to arouse any interest in the device. After the vote recorder, he says, I invented a  stock ticker, and started a ticker service in Boston; had 30 or 40 subscribers and operated from a room over the Gold Exchange. This machine Edison attempted to sell in New York, but he returned to Boston without having succeeded. He then invented a duplex telegraph by which two messages might be sent simultaneously, but at a  test, th e machine failed because of the stupidity of the assistant. Penniless and in debt, Thomas Edison arrived again in New York in 1869. But now fortune favored him. The Gold Indicator Company was a concern furnishing to its subscribers by telegraph the Stock Exchange prices of gold. The companys instrument was out of order. By a lucky  chance, Edison was on the spot to repair it, which he did successfully, and this led to his appointment as superintendent at a salary of three hundred dollars a month. When a change in the ownership of the company threw him out of the position he formed, with  Franklin L. Pope, the partnership of Pope, Edison, and Company, the first firm of electrical engineers in the United States. Improved Stock Ticker, Lamps, and Dynamos Not long afterward Thomas Edison released the invention which started him on the road to success. This was the improved stock ticker, and the Gold and Stock Telegraph Company paid him 40,000 dollars for it, more money than he had expected. I had made up my mind, Edison wrote, that, taking into consideration the time and killing pace I was working at, I should be entitled to $5000, but could get along with $3000. The money was paid by check and Thomas Edison had never received a check before, he had to be told how to cash it. Work Done in the Newark Shop Thomas Edison immediately set up a shop in Newark. He improved the system of automatic telegraphy (telegraph machine) that was in use at that time and introduced it into England. He experimented with submarine cables and worked out a system of quadruplex telegraphy by which one wire was made to do the work of four. These two inventions were bought by  Jay Gould, owner of the Atlantic and Pacific Telegraph Company. Gould paid 30,000  dollars  for the quadruplex system but refused to pay for the automatic telegraph. Gould had bought the Western Union, his only competition. He then, wrote Edison, repudiated his contract with the automatic telegraph people and they never received a cent for their wires or patents, and I lost three years of very hard labor. But I never had any grudge against him because he was so able in his line, and as long as my part was successful the money with me was a secondary consideration. When Gould got the Western Union I knew no further progress in telegraphy was possible, and I went into other lines. Work for the Western Union In fact, however, lack of money forced Edison to resume his work for the Western Union Telegraph Company. He invented a carbon transmitter and sold it to the Western Union for 100,000 dollars, paid in seventeen annual installments of 6,000 dollars. He made a similar agreement for the same sum for the patent of the electro-motograph. He did not realize that these installments payments were not good business sense. These agreements are typical  of Edisons early years  as an inventor. He worked only upon inventions he could sell and sold them to get the money to meet the payrolls of his different shops. Later the inventor hired keen businessmen to  negotiate  deals. Electric Lamps Thomas Edison set up laboratories and factories at  Menlo Park, New Jersey, in 1876, and it was there that he invented the  phonograph, patented in 1878. It was in Menlo Park that he began a series of experiments which produced his  incandescent lamp. Thomas Edison was dedicated to producing an  electric lamp for indoor use. His first research was for a durable filament which would burn in a vacuum. A series of experiments with a platinum wire and various refractory metals had unsatisfactory results. Many other substances were tried, even human hair. Edison concluded that carbon of some sort was the solution rather than a metal. Joseph Swan, an Englishman actually came to the same conclusion first. In October 1879, after fourteen months of hard work and the expenditure of forty thousand dollars, a carbonized cotton thread sealed in one of Edisons globes was tested and lasted forty hours. If it will burn forty hours now, said Edison, I know I can make it burn a hundred. And so he did. A better filament was needed. Edison found it in carbonized strips of bamboo. Edison Dynamo Edison developed his own type of  dynamo, the largest ever made up to that time. Along with the Edison incandescent lamps, it was one of the wonders of the Paris Electrical Exposition of 1881. Installation in Europe and America of plants for electrical service soon followed. Edisons first great central station, supplying power for three thousand lamps, was erected at Holborn Viaduct, London, in 1882, and in September of that year the Pearl Street Station in New York City, the first central station in America, was put into operation.

Analyze 7Ps in Year 10 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Analyze 7Ps in Year 10 - Essay Example Prices- athletic footwear sells their products at competitive prices and offers discounts to their wholesalers. Those who make internet purchases are also charges reasonable prices for shipment to ensure that the costs are kept affordable. Promotion-athletic footwear has adopted diverse promotion methods which ensure that targeted customers are made aware of their quality products and their offers. Distributors have played a pivotal role in using direct marketing to promote company’s products. Media advertising, online marketing and celebrity advertising have all been used by the company. Place – the shoes of athletic footwear company have wider market coverage. The shoes are available in North America, Europe Africa, Asia Pacific and Latin America. The availability of the shoes in wider regions makes the sales of the company high and helps in maximizing the return. The growth areas also guarantee increased demand of the products. Availing the shoes at locations where customers can access and buy them is thus a strength enjoyed by the company (Pride & Ferrell, 2008). Packaging- shoes sold by athletic footwear are branded in a distinct manner that makes the products admired and attractive to the target market. Moreover, those entrusted with making the sales have better skills of persuading the customers and marketing the products. Positioning- the focus of the company in enhancing the quality of their shoes and their strategic goal of expanding their sales in Asia pacific and Latin America will ensure future growth and better performance. Producing in two locations further ensures continued supply of shoes in the market and makes the company gain an edge over their competitors. People- athletic footwear company has customers across the four regions and their production employees in their two production areas. The qualified managers ensure that there is optimum utilization

Long term project of French spirit promotion in Germany Essay

Long term project of French spirit promotion in Germany - Essay Example Initially there has been a rumor that Ubi-France intended to purchase more number of shares towards acquisition of the German rival groups. The business situation was therefore tensed, and business relationship between France and Germany stained. Such rumors have been refuted by the officials from the Ubi-France, rather the officials have stressed over the need to secure market shares and achieve customer satisfaction. The company has adopted and implemented â€Å"the use of operational ideas and successful experiences from their operations in France†, and has integrated the after purchase services with the sales network, aimed at the establishment â€Å"of a comprehensive and high-efficiency sales-service network† (Warren, 2001). The German consumer market venture has recorded sales of more than twenty thousand units on monthly basis, which is forty percent greater than the previous solo performance of the company. Ubi-France has felt victim of the sociolinguistic challenges within German market. The multinational companies including Ubi-France have been accused for their involvement in such practices which generate â€Å"creativity-driven shock values, controversy and extreme individualism commonly accepted in the North American and Western European markets†. Ubi-France has experienced severe tribulations due to its â€Å"advertising language as culture-blind and bona fid†, and German market created great hurdle for the industry. It has been important for the company to implement congruence of the values, and avoid the existence of the cultural values in the organization in an implicit manner. It has been observed that the categorization of the organizational, departmental and employee values and behaviors on the basis of the cultural affinity has generated satisfaction among the employees, and has developed positive impact on their â€Å"commitment, absenteeism, turnover, mora le and